Apparatus for creating artificial breathing.



O. BUCHHORN.

APPARATUS FOR CREATING ARTIF ICIAL BREATHING.

APPLICATION, FILED JULY I6. 1914.

1,245,867. Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

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0. BUCHH0'RN. APPARATUS FOR CREATING ARTIFICIAL BREATHING.

APPLICATION HLED JULY 16, 1914.

1,245,867. Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

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OTTO BUOHHORN, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMALN'Y, ASSIGNOR T6 *INI-IABAD-GESELLSCI-IAFT M. B. EL, OF CHARLOTTENBUBG, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY.

mamas i on CREATING ARTIFICIAL BREATHING.

manner.

Application filedfi'uly 16, 1914. Serial No. 851,383.

To all whom it m (42 concern Be it known that I, OTTO BUGHHORN, a

subject of the German Emperor, residing at Charlottenburg, near Berlin,Germany, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Apparatusfor Creating Artificial Breathing; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make anduse the same.

My invention relates to an apparatus for creating artificial breathing,in which a rhythmical expansion and contraction of the chest is broughtabout by moving the arms of the person, with which a direct compressionof the chest by means of a compressing device can be combined,saidcompressing device being connected to the devices which move thearms of the person by means of suitable connecting members.

'An apparatus suitable for this purpose is shown in Patent No. 1,057,633of Fries.

The object of my invention is to effect an introduction of oxygen duringthe inhaling period in addition to the mechanical artificial breathingin certain cases of apparent death.

A source of oxygen, for example, a vessel containing liquid oxygen isconnected to the apparatus, a tube being led from said source of oxygento a breathing device which is to be placed on the person, such as amask or a tube or mouth-piece to be introduced into the mouth.

At the same time means are provided for connecting the supply of oxygento the breathing device during the inhaling period, and to disconnectsaid-supply during the exhaling period. For this purpose a positivelycontrolled valve or any other suitable device can be utilized. I

Two forms of construction of the invention are shown by way of examplein the drawings.

Figure 1 shows one form ofconstruction in side elevation and partly insection,

Fig. 2 shows a view from below,

Fig. 2 shows a section through a detail,

Figs. 3 and 4 show the controlling valve for the oxygen supply in two diifere'nt' positlons, i

Fig. 3 shows a further detail,

Fig. 5 shows thesecond form of construc- Specification of LettersPatent.

the

the stretcher l.

Patented Nov. 6,

tion in side elevation.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 1-4'isprovided with a stretcher "'1 onwhich is laid person requiring treatment, said stretcher being providedwith a downwardly sloping support 2 for the head of the person. The"lowerend of the stretcher l rests on two feet 3. .Near the head end ofthe stretcher a plate 1 is attached on the lower surface, with whichtwo'tubes 5 are rigidly'connected. 'These tubes are provided near theirouter ends with "feet 6,',-which thus serve for supporting the head endof Through the tubes 5 a shaft 7 extends, to the ends of which twolevers 8 are attached. these levers a cross-bar 9 is fixed, which,serves simultaneously as a reinforcing'memher and as a handle for theperson operating the apparatus.

' Manacles 10 with straps 11for attaching the arms of the personrequiring treatment are movably mounted on the levers '8, so

that an-adjustment of sameaceording 'to'the length of the arms ispossible. The levers '82116 extended beyond the shaft 7 as shown at Sand are provided at these ends "with eyes 12 in which cords 13 arefastened. The stretcher 1 is made narrow at the head end and widens outtoward the lowerend. Rods are fixed in holders 14 parallel to theslanting sides of the stretcher, said rods being provided with a numberof holes 16.

V'Each rod 15 is providedwith a movable" slide 17 which has an opening 18,-"so that the sl de can be fixed 1n any desiredjpo'sition by meansof'a pin 65 passing through said opening 18 and one of the holes 16 ofjustment according to the size of the person.

" As far as now described, the apparatus corresponds in ts actiontotha't of Patent 105(633. It'is evident that when the system ,of levers8 is in the position shownfinfFig. '2 (compare the position a showndotted in To the free'ends of i Fig. 1), the cords 13 exert a tensiononithe compressor 21, so that the chest of the person undergoingtreatment is contracted. If on the other hand, the system of levers 8 isswung back into the position shown in Fi 1, and still further into theposition shown at b, then the cords 13 become slack and the pressure ofthe compressor on the chest is removed, so that the chest can expandfreely to correspond with the movement of the arms.

Below the stretcher there is further provided a vessel 2a supported inholders 23, said vessel containing liquid or compressed oxygen. From thevalve 25 of the vessel a tube 26 extends to the pressure reducing valve27, with which a pressure-gage 28 is 7 connected. From the reducingvalve 27 a tube 29 leads to the baglike accumulator 30, which liesbetween the stretcher 1 and a plate 51 which is guided along rods 52which are attached vertically to the stretcher. Spiral springs 53surround the rods 52, said springs hearing at one end against the plate51 and at the other end against the heads 5 1- of the rods 52 andtending to press the bag 30 together by means of the plate 51. The bagis provided with a safety valve 31 from which a tube 32 leads to acontrolling valve 33. The plug 3% of the latter is provided with anaxial bore 61 and a slot (32 communicating with said bore. A passage 63in the valve casing corresponds to said slot, the pipe 32 beingconnected to the passage 63. The bore 61 of the valve leads into anaxial standard 64: of the valve casing to which is connected a tube 49having a breathing mask or respirator 50 attached to the end. A lever 35is attached to the lu 3st of the valve 33 and a torsional spring 36 isarranged in connection therewith which has the tendency to keep theValve always in the closed position (Fig.

A lever 38 is mounted at 39 on a bearing 3?. Into the box-shaped head LO(Fig. 2 of this lever is led a pin 41 which is subjected to the actionof a spring 4:2 acting in its longitudinal direction. Further a fixedpivot 4-3 is arranged on the other side of the head 40, with which a rod4 engages, the other end of said rod being jointedly connected to an arm45 fixed to the shaft 7. The pivot 39 of the lever 38 is so disposed inrelation to the pivot of the arm 35 that, when the lever moves from theposition shown dotted in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 1, the pin41 first engages the arm 35 and rotates the same around to the positionshown in Fig. 4, the pinil gradually approaching the end of the armduring such movement. A slight further movement of lever 38, as will beunderstood from Fig. :t, releases the arm 35 and permits it to fly backunder the action of the spring 36.

The action of the apparatus described above is an follows When it isdesired to use the apparatus,

'ing one inhaling period.

the valve 25 of the vessel 2 1 is opened and remains open during theentire period of use. Consequently oxygen flows continuously from thevessel through the reducing valve 27 and the tube 29 into the bag 30,from which it passes into the valve 33 by way of the casing of thesafety valve 31 and the tube 32. If the system of levers 8 is in theposition a, then the valve 33 is closed, so that the Way to the tube"1'9 is closed to the oxygen. Consequently the whole of the oxygenissuing from the vessel is collected by the bag 30 which iscorrespondingly in- Hated.

It now the system of levers 8 is moved in the direction of the arrow(Fig. 1), whereby the arms of the person are raised, then the pin 41 ofthe lever 38 which is moved by the action of the rods 45, 4A engageswith the arm 35 and thus rotates the plug 3% in such a manner that theslot 62 enters into communication with the passage 63 in the valvecasing, so that oxygen can flow from the pipe 32 into the bore (51 ofthe plug and thence through the tube 49 to the breathing mask 50. Justbefore the system of levers 8 has arrived into the stretching positionZ) (Fig. 1) then the end edge of the arm 35 has reached the positionshown in Fig. 4:, so that on completing the movement of the levers 8 thearm 35 slides away from the pin 41 and the valve-plug 34: returns to theclosed position (Fig. 3), in which it is retained by means of a stop a6.7

The supply of oxygen from the vessel 24 to the bag 30 is regulated insuch a manner that the amount of oxygen stored in the bag during theexhaling period together with the oxygen flowing in also during theinhaling period corresponds to the quantity which must be supplied tothe patient dur- The bag 30 will thus be emptied by the pressing actionof the spring-loaded plate 51 during the inhaling period.

During the exhaling period when the system of levers 8 moves from theposition Z) (Fig. 1) back again into the position a, the pin 41 engageswith the inclined back of the arm 35 (Figs. 3 and by the action of whichit is pushed back into thehead sit) in opposition to the spring 12. Assoon as the pin has passed the arm 35, it again snaps forward, so thatthe entire apparatus again comes into its original position, and a newinhaling can be started.

In the form of construction shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the feet 6 arrangedat the head end are formed as holders for the oxygen vessel 24:. Fromthe pressure-reducing valve 27 attached to the oxygen vessel, a shorttube 55 leads to one of the limbs of a T-piece 56. To the other twolimbs of the T-piece are connected on the one hand the bag 30 and on theother hand the tube 49 leading to the aga rspev shown, then the -belt58hangs slack, so'that the bag 30 can be infiated and can receivetheoxygen emerging from :the vessel 24. The

7 pressure with which the-oxygen fills the'bag is not suflicient toopenthe valve J57 Hnow the system of rods is moved inithedirection of thearrow, which .corresponds to the in haling-period. then .the end of :thebelt 58 is woundaround the drum .60. The belt 58 .is thereby .tensionedand presses-rthe bag-30'together. Under this pressure the valve 57opens, so that the .oxygeniflows to the .res-

.pirator through the-tube-9 :from ithe bag 30 together with the .oxygenflowing .constantly from the bottle 24 through :the

tube .55.

The valve I57 -serves simultaneously as safety valve, :since, if .themovement of :the

arms is stopped, itropens-asrsoon as athe bag 30 has becomequite-.filled withoxygen.

In Figs. 5 and .6 a device .isv-also shown, which renders .itpossibleyto exert a strong longitudinal pull on thebodyof the patienttogether with:the%sw1nging:movement of the arms. Forthis purpose adeviceiis arranged at the foot-.endof theistretcher,to -which the feetof the patient may .beistrapped. In order notito makethesap iaratus .tool'ong and unwieldy hereby, the oot strapping device is arranged-movablyand preferably slidable.

For this purpose a guiding tube 'is'ar- .ranged underneath ithestretcher1, in which a rodl71:is slidable. At the end of the rod 71 a rest 72 forthe feet is arranged, which latter-can be held bymeansof a strap 73.Accordingto-thesize of the patientathe rod 71 is drawn more or less outof the tube 70 and fixed by means of a screw 74.

The stretching device is primarilyintended for use in cases in'which'the chest compressor must be placed entirely outof action or elseadjusted so as to be brought only slightly intoaction, as must bedonefor example in cases of drowning, in which the efi'ecting ofenergetic pressure must be avoided on account of the danger attachedthereto owing to'the flooding of the internal organs. This novel featurecan therefore preferably be used in apparatus which has no device at allfor compressing the chest.

Although apparatus with devices for contracting theichest: correspondingto the mo ve' ,ments of the arm levers are described and illustratedherein, my invention is not restricted to such apparatus. It refers alsoto apparatus :in -Wl1l0l1 only means for 'm'ovring the 'arms areprovided. .Itis to V be-observed, namely, that in certain cases ofaccident, the use of pressure onthe body 1SI10t desirable. In suchcases, apparatus without compression devices :for the chest can be used,or in'the' case of apparatus which are fitted with such a device, thelatter can be placed out of action.

HaV1Ilg l10WLClQSCFlbGCl my invention What 1 claim asnew and desire tosecure by Let- Jrters rPaten't is 1 1. An apparatus for creatingartificial 'breathing,-. comprising means for moving the larmsofthepatient, a source of oxygen,and means controlled'by the arm moving meansfor supplying oxygen from said source to the breathmg organs of thepatient.

2. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprisingimeans formoving the arms of the patient, a source of oxygen,

means for supplying oxygen from said source to the breathing organs ofthe paitient and means for establishing connection between the source ofoxygen and the breathing organs"during'themovement of the arm-' movingdevice corresponding ,to the inhal- .ing period and forinterrupting-said connec tion during the movement correspondingto thee-xhaling period.

3. An apparatus forcreating artificial breathing, comprising meansIEOIJIDOVlIIg thG arms oflthe patient, a-source of oxygen, a du ct forleading oxygen from said source to the breathing organs ofthep'atientpand a valve controlling said duct.

4. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formovingthe arms .of the patient, a source iof oxygen, a

duct for leading oxygen from said source to the breathing organsofthe'patient, a valve contained in said duct, and an accumulatorconnected" to said duct, andmeans-for pressing the stored-up oxygen fromthe accumulator, during the inhaling movement.

H 5. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, icomprisin'g'meansfor moving the arms of the patient, a source of oxygen, a

duct for leading oxygen from said source to the hreathingorgans of'thepat1ent,:a valve contain-ed insaldduct, an accumulator connected to saidduct, said accumulator being in the form of a bag, andmeans forcompressing said bag during the inhaling period.

6. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing. comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, a source of oxygen, a duct for leadingoxygen from said source to the breathing organs of the patient, a bagconnected to the duct for receiving oxygen during the exhaling movement,a compressing belt for the bag, means for tensioning said belt duringthe inhaling movement, and a spring-controlled valve contained in theduct leading from the bag to the breathing organs, the spring of saidvalve being overcome by the pressure which results when the bag iscompressed.

7 An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, a source of oxygen, a duct for leadingoxygen from said source to the breathing organs of the patient. a bagconnected to the duct for receiving oxygen during the exhaling movement,drum mounted on a shaft of the arm-moving device, a compressing belt forthe bag, said belt being fixed to said drum in such a manner, thatduring the inhaling movement it is partly wound on to the drum and thustensioned, and a spring-controlled valve contained in the duct leadingfrom the bag to the breathing organs, the spring of said valve beingovercome by the pressure which results when the bag is compressed.

8. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, a device for contracting the chestconnected to the armonoving means, a source of oxygen, means forsupplying oxygen from said source to the breathing organs of the patientand means for establishing connection between the source of oxygen andthe breathing organs during the movement of the arm-moving devicecorresponding to the inhaling period and for interrupting saidconnection during the movement corresponding to the exhaling period.

9. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, a device for contracting the chestconnected to the arm-moving means, a source of oxygen, a duct for leading oxygen from said source to the breathing organs of the patient, avalve in said duct, an accumulator connected to said duct, and means forpressing the stored-up oxygen from the accumulator during the inhalingmovement.

10. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, a device for contracting the chestconnected to the arm-moving means, a source of oxygen, a duct forleadthe exhaling movement, and means for compressing said bag during theinhaling" period. r

11. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formovin g the arms of the patient and means for securing the feet of thepatient.

12. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, means for securing the feet of thepatient, said feet-securing means being adjustable according to the sizeof the patient.

13. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, means for securing the feet of thepatient, said feet-securing means being adjustable according to the sizeof the patient, and being arranged on a rod which is adjustable in thelongitudinal direction of the apparatus and which is fixable in thedesired position.

l i. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising meansfor moving the arms of the patient, a source of oxygen, means forsupplying oxygen from said source to the breathing organs of the patientand means for securing the feet of the patient, said feet-securing meansbeing adjustable according to the size of the patient.

15. An apparatus for creating artificial breathing, comprising means formoving the arms of the patient, a device for contracting the chestconnected to the arm-moving means, a source of oxygen, means forsupplying oxygen irom said source to the breathing organs of thepatient, means for establishing connection between the source of oxygenand the breathing or ans during the movement of the arm-moving devicecorresponding to the inhaling period and for interrupting saidconnection during the movement corresponding to the exhaling period, andmeans for securing the feet of the patient.

In testimony whereof, I ailix my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

OTTO BUCHHORN.

Witnesses iVoLDnMAR HAUTT, HENRY Hasrnn.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressingthe Commissioner of Fatents,

Washington, D. C.

